Should FixStylePROFound in 2-4% of dissertations

Meta-Discourse: Stop Telling Your Reader What You're About to Say

Found in 2-4% of dissertation sentences. "This section will discuss" doesn't add information—it just delays the information your committee actually wants.

FIX

Remove the filler phrase and present the content directly.

What This Issue Is

Meta-discourse is writing about your writing instead of writing about your topic. "In this section, the researcher will discuss the theoretical framework" is a sentence about the chapter's structure. It tells the reader what's coming without delivering any content. Your committee reads it, learns nothing, and waits for the actual substance to begin.

Some meta-discourse is necessary. A roadmap paragraph at the end of Chapter 1 that previews the dissertation's structure is standard and expected. But when every section and subsection begins with "This section discusses..." or "The following paragraphs will examine...," you're burning word count on scaffolding instead of scholarship.

The worst offender is the meta-discourse sandwich: a sentence announcing what you'll discuss, the actual content, then a sentence summarizing what you just discussed. "This section examined the literature on teacher burnout. As discussed above, teacher burnout is a significant issue." Your committee doesn't need the announcement or the recap—the heading already told them what the section covers. Just deliver the content.

Why Your Committee Flags It

Self-referential commentary like "In this section, I will discuss..." adds words without substance. Let your content speak for itself.

Why Students Get This Wrong

Students narrate their writing process instead of presenting their argument. "This section will discuss" feels like a helpful roadmap but actually delays the content the reader came for.

Think of it this way

Delete every "this section will discuss" and jump straight to the discussion. Your reader wants the content, not a preview of the content. Let your structure speak for itself.

Before & After Examples

Before

In this section, I will discuss the findings of the study.

After

The findings reveal three key themes.

Meta-discourse announcement removed; content delivered directly.

Before

This section will discuss the theoretical framework that guides this study. The theoretical framework used in this study is social cognitive theory.

After

Social cognitive theory provides the theoretical framework for this study, emphasizing the reciprocal relationship between personal agency, behavior, and environment (Bandura, 1986).

"It is important to note" adds nothing; the sentence works better without it.

Before

It is important to note that the participants were selected using purposeful sampling.

After

The participants were selected using purposeful sampling to ensure experience with the phenomenon of interest.

Vague backward reference replaced with a specific cross-reference and added substance.

Before

As previously mentioned in the earlier section, transformational leadership has been extensively studied.

After

Transformational leadership has been extensively studied (see Section 2.3), with particular attention to its effects on organizational culture.

Self-Check Checklist

Tap each item as you review your chapter.

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, in limited doses. A brief roadmap at the end of your introduction ("Chapter 2 reviews the literature on X, Y, and Z") is standard. Section overview sentences at the start of major chapter divisions can help orient the reader. But the goal is one or two structural signposts per chapter, not a running commentary on what you're writing as you write it.
Follow the template if your program requires a specific format—some program templates do prescribe section introductions. But even within that constraint, you can add substance: instead of "This section discusses the methodology," write "This section describes the qualitative case study design, participant selection, and data analysis procedures used to address the research questions." At least the meta-discourse does some work.
Use content-based transitions instead of structural ones. Instead of "The next section will discuss findings related to teacher burnout," write "Teacher burnout emerged as a significant factor across all three data sources." You've moved to the new topic without announcing the move. The heading handles the structural transition; your prose handles the conceptual one.
Delete them. If something is important enough to note, just note it. "It is important to note that the sample size was small" becomes "The small sample size limits generalizability." The content is the same, but you've removed five words of throat-clearing and replaced them with a direct statement.

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